Notes: Adenomatous polyposis coli protein (APC) is shown to directly interact with HIV-1 Gag protein to stimulate Gag multimerization and spread of viral particles. Direct measurements of the Gag-Gag protein interaction were measured using the NanoBRET™ system. HeLa cells were co-transfected with Gag-HaloTag^® and Gag-NanoLuc^® expression vectors and BRET signal was monitored after 24 hours. ADC knockdown displayed a substantial decrease in viral production and Gag-Gag interaction. Together, the authors show ADC regulates Gag localization to the PM and viral packaging. (5058)

Notes: Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with IL-27, calprotectin, TNFα or combinations. Cell number per well was controlled by lysing the cells and measuring the LDH release with the CytoTox 96® Assay. Changes in gene expression were monitored by probe-based qPCR with cDNA made with the GoScript™ Reverse Transcription System using total RNA isolated using the ReliaPrep™ RNA Cell Miniprep System. Changes in protein levels upon treatment were evaluated by mass spec using Trypsin Gold for peptide analysis. (4598)

Notes: The authors compared seedling growth rates, photosynthesis rates and expression levels of heat-responsive genes in the heat-resistant wild rice Oryza meridionalis and the domesticated rice O. sativa when grown at optimal and elevated temperatures. Proteins that were up- or downregulated in response to heat were identified by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with nano liquid chromatography on line with tandem mass spectrometry (nanoLC-MS/MS). Trypsin was used to cleave proteins prior to nanoLC-MS/MS. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was performed using the GoTaq® Green Master Mix to determine if the heat-responsive proteins were transcriptionally regulated. (4092)