Notes: Y-chromosome haplotypes of 150 males from 10 regions in Italy were determined using the PowerPlex<SUP>®</SUP> Y System and the ABI PRISM<SUP>®</SUP>3100 genetic analyzer. DNA samples were isolated from blood using the DNA IQ™ System. The total number of haplotypes observed was 141, and 146 of the haplotypes were unique. Ten samples showed locus duplication. (3686)

Notes: The authors collected DNA samples from 113 unrelated Belgian males. The PowerPlex^® Y System and a GeneAmp^® 9700 PCR system were used to amplify 12 Y-chromosome STR loci (DYS19, DYS385a/b, DYS389I/II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS437, DYS438 and DYS439). Amplification products were detected using an ABI PRISM^® 3100 genetic analyzer and POP-6™ polymer. Allele and haplotype frequencies and haplotype diversity were calculated. A total of 99 different haplotypes were observed. (3655)

Notes: The authors generated population data for 15 autosomal STRs using the PowerPlex^® 16 System and DNA samples collected from 1,475 unrelated Greek Cypriot individuals. DNA was extracted from the blood samples using organic extraction, and 0.5ng was amplified per reaction using the GeneAmp^® PCR System 9700. Amplified products were analyzed using an ABI PRISM^® 3100 Genetic Analyzer. (3815)

Notes: The authors isolated DNA from 153 unrelated individuals from the Hiroshima prefecture in Japan. Amplifications were carried out with 0.2–0.5ng of DNA and 10/20 cycling, and amplification products were detected using an ABI PRISM® 3100 genetic analyzer. Allele frequencies and gene diversity values are presented. (3644)

Notes: The authors generated population data from 100 unrelated individuals from three main ethnical groups in Bosnia and Herzegovina using the PowerPlex^® 16 System. DNA was collected as blood spots or buccal swabs and extracted, and 2ng was amplified per PowerPlex^® 16 reaction. (3821)

Notes: The authors used the PowerPlex® 16 System and the F13A01, FESFPS, F13B and LPL (FFFL) Multiplex to determine allele frequency data at 19 STR loci in a Belgian Caucasian population. Amplifications were performed as directed by the manufacturer except that reaction volumes were reduced by half. Amplification products were analyzed using an ABI PRISM® 3100 Genetic Analyzer and POP™-6 polymer. (3773)

Notes: The authors generated population data for 21 autosomal STRs in Northern Portugal using the PowerPlex^® 16 System, AmpFlSTR^® Identifiler^® kit and an in-house multiplex system that includes CD4, F13A01, FES and MBPB. DNA was collected as blood samples or buccal swabs from routine paternity cases and isolated using Chelex^® resin. DNA was amplified as directed by the manufacturer, and amplified products were detected using the ABI PRISM^® 310 Genetic Analyzer. (3842)

Notes: The authors used the PowerPlex^® 16 System to gather population data from 429 unrelated individuals in northern and northeastern Argentina. Blood or buccal swabs were collected, and DNA was extracted organic extraction. Fifteen autosomal STR loci were amplified using the PowerPlex^® 16 System and a GeneAmp^® PCR System 9600 or 9700, and amplified products were detected using an ABI PRISM^® 310 or 3100-Avant Genetic Analyzer. (3820)

Notes: The authors generated population data from 913 individuals living in two patagonian provinces in Argentina using the PowerPlex^® 16 System. DNA was collected as a blood or buccal swab sample, isolated using by organic extraction and amplified using the GeneAmp^® PCR System 9600 or 9700. Amplification products were detected using an ABI PRISM^® 310 or 3100-Avant Genetic Analyzer. (3814)

Notes: The authors determined allele frequency data in the Tujia population in China using the PowerPlex® 16 System. DNA was extracted from 98 whole blood samples, and 1ng was amplified using the GeneAmp® PCR System 9600. Amplified products were analyzed using the ABI PRISM® 310 Genetic Analyzer. (3774)

Notes: The authors typed 15 autosomal STR loci in 319 unrelated individuals from northern Greece using the PowerPlex® 16 System to generate population data. DNA was extracted from 6mm buccal swab punches, amplifications were assembled using a Corbett CAS-1200 robotic workstation, and amplification products were analyzed using an ABI PRISM® 3100 Genetic Analyzer. (3812)

Notes: The authors determined allele frequencies in 870 unrelated individuals using the PowerPlex^® 16 System. DNA was extracted from buccal swabs using Chelex^® 100 resin, and 1ng of DNA was amplified per reaction. Amplification products were analyzed using an ABI PRISM^® 377 DNA Sequencer and ABI PRISM^® 310 Genetic Analyzer. (3813)

Notes: The authors generated population data and Y-STR haplotype frequencies for 105 unrelated males and 50 father-son pairs in northeast Italy. DNA was collected as blood or saliva samples, isolated then amplified using the PowerPlex^® Y System as directed by the manufacturer. Amplified products were detected using an ABI PRISM^® 3100-Avant Genetic Analyzer. (3867)

Notes: The authors reported a partial DNA match from evidence from two robberies in Northern Italy. DNA profiles were generated with the PowerPlex^® 16 System and the AmpFlSTR^® Identifiler^® kit, and alleles at 12 STR loci were identical. Based on the high number of matching alleles, the authors hypothesized that the two DNA donors were of the same parental lineage and generated Y-STR haplotypes, which were found to be identical. Based on the results of database searches, the authors concluded that if the number of autosomal loci with common alleles is greater than nine but not all of the loci match, there is a high chance that the DNA donors are of the same parental lineage. (3839)

Notes: Population data for 103 unrelated individuals from Libya were generated using the PowerPlex^® 16 System. DNA was extracted from blood samples using an alkaline lysis extraction protocol. DNA was not quantitated prior to amplification; 2µl of extract was used per reaction. Amplification products were detected using the ABI PRISM^® 310 Genetic Analyzer. (3841)

Notes: The authors generated population data from 1,368 unrelated individuals living in three of the most densely populated provinces in Argentina using the PowerPlex^® 16 System. DNA was collected as a blood or buccal swab sample and isolated using organic extraction. PowerPlex^® 16 System reactions were performed using the GeneAmp^® PCR System 9600 or 9700, and amplified products were detected using an ABI PRISM^® 310 or 3100-Avant Genetic Analyzer. (3816)

Notes: The authors evaluated a 96-channel microfabricated capillary array electrophoresis (µCAE) device for forensic STR typing using the PowerPlex^® 16 System and the AmpFlSTR^® Profiler Plus^® kit. DNA was isolated from one semen (sperm and nonsperm fractions), nine saliva, four blood and two mixed blood stains using either organic extraction or the DNA IQ™ System, then .5–1.0 ng was amplified using the PowerPlex^® 16 System and the AmpFlSTR^® Profiler Plus^® kit according to the manufacturer's instructions. Amplified products were analyzed initially using an ABI PRISM^® 310 or Hitachi FMBIO^® II instrument, then using the µCAE device. All 48 samples, as well as all minor alleles in 3:1 mixture samples, were accurately typed using the µCAE device. (3772)

Notes: The authors generated DNA profiles for 503 unrelated individuals from São Tomé island using the PowerPlex^® 16 System and identified 10 males that presented with only the Y chromosomal Amelogenin amplification product. These individuals were further typed using AmpFlSTR^® Identifiler^® kit (Applied Biosystems) and the Y-Plex 12 (Reliagene), and only the Y-Plex 12 kit amplified the X-chromosomal Amelogenin product. DNA sequencing revealed a C to T transition within the PowerPlex^® 16 forward primer-binding site. (3868)

Notes: The authors developed a new set of miniplex primers for DNA typing of degraded DNA from human skeletal remains. The miniplex primers produced smaller amplicons (50–280 base pairs) than standard STR systems. The DNA-typing results obtained with the miniplex primers were compared to results obtained with the PowerPlex^® 16 System. The authors determined that larger loci failed to amplify when using degraded DNA and that the degradation cut-off length of template fragments occurred predominantly at 200bp and is not kit-dependent. (3808)

Notes: The authors collected buccal swabs from 150 unrelated Swiss males and isolated DNA for use in determination of haplotype frequencies of 12 Y-STR loci (DYS19, DYS385a/b, DYS389I, DYS389II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS437, DYS438 and DYS439). Purified DNA was amplified using the PowerPlex® Y System and a total of 30 cycles, and amplification products were detected using an ABI PRISM® genetic analyzer. Allele frequencies were calculated by direct counting. (3647)

Notes: The authors generated Y-STR haplotype frequency data for several ethnic populations in Poland using the PowerPlex^® Y System. DNA was isolated using Chelex^® resin and a proteinase K protocol and amplified, and amplification products were detected using an ABI PRISM^® 310 Genetic Analyzer. (3869)

Notes: The authors conducted a classical twin study to define the genetic contribution to cytokine production and regulation of T cell-specific transcription factors. Twins were classified as monozygotic and dizygotic by typing 15 short tandem repeat loci using the PowerPlex^® 16 System. (3807)

Notes: In this research study, a link between infertility due to deletions in the azoospermia factors of the Y chromosome and testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) was investigated.  Genomic DNA isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes of 112 Dutch patients confirmed to have TGCT was analyzed for deletions.  The deletion analysis was performed using the Y Chromosome Deletion Detection System, Version 2.0 and the previous 1.0 system plus Master Mix E.  The study finds that none of the TGCT patients had microdeletions in the AZF regions, thus suggesting a link between this type of infertility and TGCT is unlikely. (3243)

Notes: These authors used the PowerPlex^® Y System to characterize Y-STR haplotype frequencies in southern populations in Korea. Blood and buccal swabs were collected from 259 Korean males, and DNA was isolated with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit (Qiagen). The authors amplified 5–10ng of each sample (much more than the recommended 0.5–1.0ng) and detected the amplification products using an ABI PRISM^® 310 genetic analyzer. (3637)

Notes: The authors generated population data for 16 autosomal STR loci using the PowerPlex^® 16 System and PowerPlex^® ES Monoplex System, SE33 (JOE), for 200 unrelated individuals in northern Portugal. DNA was collected as blood stains, extracted using Chelex^® resin and amplified using a GeneAmp^® PCR System 9700 as directed by the manufacturer. Amplified products were detected using an ABI PRISM^® 3100 Genetic Analyzer. (3823)