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Advances in DNA Typing: The PowerPlex™ 16 System
By Sofie Kamal, B.S.
Promega Corporation
Until recently, commercially available DNA typing systems were able to
identify all 13 of the core STR
(short tandem repeats) loci identified by the FBI for inclusion in its Combined DNA Index
System (CODIS) but
required two amplification reactions. In May 2000, Promega released the PowerPlex™ 16
System*, first multiplex STR system that allows the
coamplification and three-color detection of sixteen loci (fifteen STR loci plus
Amelogenin).
| Features
of the PowerPlex™ 16 System |
Amplify DNA Just Once: You can amplify all 13 CODIS STR loci, all 7 ENFSI loci or all 6
GITAD loci at one time.
Maximum
Sensitivity: Ability to analyze minute quantities of DNA (1ng) of DNA. Additional
studies show interpretable results can be obtained with <0.5ng of DNA.
Reproducibility: Data obtained using
PowerPlex™ 16 is highly reproducible. Studies are underway to address and meet the
CODIS requirements for implementation in casework.
Rapid and Simple: The Internal Lane Standard 600,
Allelic Ladders, PowerTyper™
16 Macro and the FL-JOE-TMR-CXR
Matrix Kit make the system rapid and simple to use.
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The loci amplified using the PowerPlex™
16 System were selected because they satisfy the needs of several major standardization
bodies throughout the world, including the European police network, INTERPOL, the European Network of Forensic Science
Institutes (ENFSI), GITAD (Grupo Iberoamericano de Trabajo en Análisis de
DNA) and the |
| The PowerPlex™ 16 System Selected Loci |
Penta E
D18S51
D21S11
TH01
D3S1358
FGA
TPOX
D8S1179 |
vWA
Amelogenin
Penta D
CSF1P0
D16S539
D7S820
D13S317
D5S818 |
|
United States Federal Bureau of
Investigation (FBI). |
All sixteen loci are amplified simultaneously in a single reaction tube
and analyzed in a single injection or gel lane. The system is designed specifically for
use with the ABI PRISM® 310 Genetic Analyzer and is compatible with the ABI
PRISM® 377 DNA Sequencer. The PowerPlex™ 16 System also contains two new
low-stutter, highly polymorphic pentanucleotide repeat loci, Penta D and Penta E. These
loci add significantly to the discrimination power of the system, making the
PowerPlex™ 16 System a single amplification system with a power of exclusion
sufficient to definitively resolve paternity disputes. In addition, the extremely low
stutter seen with Penta D and Penta E, makes them ideal loci for evaluation of DNA
mixtures often encountered in forensic casework. Finally, amplification of the Amelogenin
locus using the PowerPlex™ 16 System allows for gender identification of each sample.
 The PowerPlex™ 16 System (Cat.# DC6530). A single DNA template (0.5ng) was
amplified using the PowerPlex™ 16 10X Primer Pair Mix. The amplification products
were mixed with the Internal Lane Standard 600 and run on an ABI PRISM® 310
Genetic Analyzer using a 3-second injection time. The resulting electropherograms were
analyzed using GeneScan® Analysis Software. Panel A: Peaks of
the fluorescein-labeled loci, D3S1358, TH01, D21S11, D18S51 and Penta E. Panel B:
Peaks of the JOE-labeled loci, D5S818, D13S317, D7S820, D16S539, CSF1PO and Penta D. Panel
C: Peaks of the TMR-labeled loci, Amelogenin, vWA, D8S1179, TPOX and FGA. Panel
D: Fragments of the Internal Lane Standard 600. |
Promega plans to validate the PowerPlex™ 16 System for CODIS. The
validation for casework will be done following SWGDAM guidelines. Forensic laboratories
have already started working on these validation studies. Once completed, Promega intends
to publish the results.
PowerPlex and PowerTyper are trademarks of Promega Corporation.
ABI PRISM and GeneScan are registered trademarks, Profiler Plus and COfiler are trademarks
of The Perkin-Elmer Corporation.
*Products may be covered by pending or issued patents. Please visit
our patent and trademark web page for more information.
Promega's
Decision - PowerPlex™ 16 - What is DNA Typing?
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