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Overview - Goals - Technology - Photos & References

Photos and References

International Conservation Center, just ahead! Although the International Crane Foundation (ICF) sports a roadside billboard on Wisconsin Highway 12 just a few miles from its headquarters in Baraboo, the foundation is anything but a roadside operation. The ICF breeds and raises all fifteen species of cranes and collaborates with scientists around the world on crane ecology, behavior and genetics studies. For more information on the ICF, visit their web site at: www.savingcranes.org.
Photograph by Neal Cosby.

Gated entrance to the International Crane Foundation (Baraboo, WI). The gate features an exquisite rendering of cranes in wrought iron.
Photograph by Neal Cosby.

Claire M. Mirande and Kate Fitzwilliams of the International Crane Foundation (Baraboo, WI). Mirande is Conservation Services Director, and Fitzwilliams is the Director of Public Relations and Outreach.
Photograph by Neal Cosby.

The Amoco Whooping Crane Exhibit at the International Crane Foundation affords visitors the chance to view cranes much as they might appear in the wild.
Photograph by Neal Cosby.

A whooping crane photographed on site at the International Crane Foundation Baraboo, WI.
Image courtesy of the International Crane Foundation.

References

1. O'Brien, S.J. (1994) A role for molecular genetics in biological conservation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 5748.
2. Lewontin, R.C. and Hubby, J.L. (1966) A molecular approach to the study of genic heterozygosity in natural populations. II. Amount of variation and degree of heterozygosity in natural populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura. Genetics 54, 594
3. Edwards, A. et al. (1991) DNA typing with trimeric and tetrameric tandem repeats: polymorphic loci, detection systems, and population genetics. In: The Second International Symposium on Human Identification 1991, Promega Corporation, 31.
4. Edwards, A. et al. (1991) DNA typing and genetic mapping with trimeric and tetrameric tandem repeats. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 49, 746.
5. Edwards, A. et al. (1992) Genetic variation at five trimeric and tetrameric tandem repeat loci in four human population groups. Genomics 12, 241.
6. Warne, D. et al. (1991) Tetranucleotide repeat polymorphism at the human beta-actin related pseudogene 2 (ACTBP2) detected using the polymerase chain reaction. Nucl. Acids Res. 19, 6980.
7. Ausubel, F.M. et al. (1993) Unit 15: the polymerase chain reaction. In: Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, Vol. 2, Greene Publishing Associates, Inc., and John Wiley and Sons, NY.
8. Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E.F. and Maniatis, T. (1989) Chapter 14: in vitro amplification of DNA by the polymerase chain reaction. In: Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Second Edition, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, New York.
9. PCR Technology: Principles and Applications for DNA Amplification(1989), ed., Erlich, H.A., Stockton Press, New York.
10. PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications (1990) eds., Innis, M.A. et al. Academic Press, San Diego.

Additional Reading:

Ding, B., Zhang, Y.-P. and Ryder, O.A. (1998) Extraction, PCR amplification and sequencing of mitochondrial DNA from scent mark and feces in the giant panda. Zoo Biol. 17, 499.

Eizirik, E. et al. (1998) Phylogeographic patterns and evolution of the mitochondrial DNA control region in two neotropical cats (Mammalia, Felidae). J. Mol. Evol. 47, 613.

Palumbi, S.R. and Cipriano, F. (1998) Species identification using genetic tools: The value of nuclear and mitochondrial gene sequences in whale conservation. J. Heredity 89, 459.

Waits, L.P. et al. (1998) Mitochondrial DNA phylogeography of the North American brown bear and implications for conservation. Conservation Biology 12, 408.

Paxinos, E. et al. (1997) A noninvasive method for distinguishing among canid species: Amplification and enzyme restriction of DNA from dung. Mol. Ecol. 6, 483.

Butler, M.A., Templeton, A.R. and Read, B. (1994) DNA fingerprinting in Speke's gazelle: A test for genetic distinctness, and the correlation between relatedness and similarity. Mol. Ecol. 3, 355.

Ali, S. et al. (1998) Analysis of the evolutionary conserved repeat motifs in the genome of the highly endangered central Indian swamp deer Cervus duvauceli branderi. Gene 223, 361.

Wasser, S.K. et al. (1997) Techniques for application of faecal DNA methods to field studies of Ursids. Mol. Ecol. 6, 1091.

Encalada, S.E. et al. (1996) Phylogeography and population structure of the Atlantic and Mediterranean green turtle Chelonia mydas: a mitochondrial DNA control region sequence assessment. Mol. Ecol. 5, 473.

Altmann, J. et al. (1996) Behavior predicts genetic structure in a wild primate group. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93, 5797.