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| 1. |
Barnabé-Heider F. and Miller F.D.
(2003)
Endogenously produced neurotrophins regulate survival and differentiation of cortical progenitors via distinct signaling pathways.
J. Neurosci.
23
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5149 – 5160
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Notes:
This paper describes a study of the effect of endogenous neurotrophins on cortical neuron development. Cortical progenitor cells were isolated from mouse embryos and cultured. These precursor cells express both BDNF and NT-3 as well as the corresponding TrkB and TrkC receptors. BDNF and NT-3 signal via Trk receptors to activate the PI3-kinase and MEK pathways. These pathways serve distinct functions, PI3-kinase being essential for progenitor survival and MEK for the differentiation of neurons but not glial cells. The progenitor cell cultures were treated with either Anti-Human BDNF pAb or Anti-Human NT-3 pAb at 20μg/ml to block the function of the endogenous neurotrophins. Anti-ACTIVE® MAPK pAb was used to assess levels of activated MAPK by Western blotting of cell extracts.
(0002778) |
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Products: Anti-ACTIVE® MAPK pAb, Rabbit, (pTEpY) | Anti-Human BDNF pAb | Anti-Human NT-3 pAb |
| 2. |
Dai, X, Lercher, L.D., Clinton, P.M., Du, Y., Livingston, D.L., Vieira, C., Yang, L., Shen, M.M. and Dreyfus, C.F.
(2003)
The trophic role of oligodendrocytes in the basal forebrain.
J. Neurosci.
23
,
5846-5853
.
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Notes:
The effect of oligodendrocytes on rat neuronal cell cultures was studied. The BDNF and NT-3 in oligodendrocyte conditioned medium (CM) were neutralized by blocking with Anti-Human BDNF and Anti-Human NT-3 pAbs. To determine whether BDNF and NT-3 are components of the CM, solutions containing authentic neurotrophins or conditioned medium solutions were preadsorbed at 4°C for 2 hours with neutralizing antibodies and then exposed to the cultures. Control groups received control IgY. Both anti-BDNF and anti-NT-3 were used at 10 μg/ml. This concentration was able to fully block BDNF-induced ChAT activity in cultures, and was able to partially block the effects of the conditioned medium for each antibody.
(0002826) |
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Products: Anti-Human BDNF pAb | Anti-Human NT-3 pAb |
| 3. |
Kohara, K., Kitamura, A., Adachi, N., Nishida, M., Itami, C., Nakamura, S. and Tsumoto, T.
(2003)
Inhibitory but not excitatory cortical neurons require presynaptic brain-derived neurotrophic factor for dendritic development, as revealed by chimera cell culture.
J. Neurosci.
23
,
6123-6131
.
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Notes:
To examine the effects of endogenous BDNF expression on different types of neurons, a neuronal co-culture system was established using neurons isolated from BDNF knock-out mice and from mice that were wild type for BDNF but which expressed GFP as a marker. This allowed differentiation between neurons from knock-out and wild-type mice. Uptake of endogenous BDNF from wild-type neurons into knock-out mouse-derived neurons was detectable in co-culture experiments. Anti-Human BDNF pAb (30μg/ml) was used to neutralize endogenous BDNF in culture.
(0002779) |
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Products: Anti-Human BDNF pAb |
| 4. |
Jiang, B., Akaneya, Y., Hata, Y., and Tsumoto, T.
(2003)
Long-term depression is not induced by low-frequency stimulation in rat visual cortex in vivo: A possible preventing role of endogenous Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor
J. Neurosci.
23
,
3761-3770
.
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Notes:
This paper examines the induction of Long Term Depression (LTD) of synaptic transmission in rat visual cortex by Low Frequency Stimulation (LFS). LTD was not induced by application of LFS in vivo. However, homosynaptic LTD was induced by LFS when the activity of endogenous BDNF or its receptors was blocked by a drug or antibodies. These results suggest that the LFS-induced form of homosynaptic LTD may not operate in the in vivo cortex, and that endogenous BDNF is a candidate molecule to prevent LFS from inducing synaptic depression. Anti-Human BDNF pAb was one of the agents used to block endogenous BDNF in rat brain tissue. A 1μg/μl solution of the antibody was delivered to the cortex via microinfusion pump. Anti-Human BDNF pAb was also used for immunohistochemistry on visual cortex sections.
(0002780) |
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Products: Anti-Human BDNF pAb |
| 5. |
Seil, F.J., and Drake-Baumann, R.
(2000)
TrkB receptor ligands promote activity-dependent inhibitory synaptogenesis.
J. Neurosci.
20(14)
,
5367-5373
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Notes:
Mouse Purkinje cell cultures were treated with 50µg/ml Anti-Human BDNF pAb to neutralize BDNF. The cultures had a 1.85 ratio of axosomatic synapse to soma profile after 15 days in vitro as compared to 2.61 for the no-antibody controls. Addition of Anti-Human NT-4 pAb (50µg/ml) with the Anti-Human BDNF pAb further reduced the ratio to 1.35. In the presence of picritoxin, cultures have a 3.46 ratio compared to 2.29 for the control cultures. Addition of both antibodies at 50µg/ml with picritoxin reduced the ratio to 2.49 and at 100µg/ml reduced the ratio to 1.40.
(0000056) |
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Products: Anti-Human BDNF pAb |
| 6. |
Kohn, J., Aloyz, R.S., Toma, J.G., Haak-Frendscho, M., Miller, F.D.
(1999)
Functionally antagonistic interactions between the TrkA and p75 neurotrophin receptors regulated sympathetic neuron growth and target innervation.
J. Neurosci.
19
,
5393-5408
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Notes:
Recombinant Human BDNF was used in studies of BDNF neutralization. The Anti-BDNF pAb (> or = 10µg/ml) was found to inhibit 50ng/ml of BDNF from activating autophosphorylation cascades of TrkB in TrkB-expressing NIH3T3 cells. Control IgY at up to 40µg/ml had no inhibitory effect on the autophosphorylation. The Anti-BDNF pAb was added to cultures of primary rat sympathetic neurons to neutralize any BDNF/p75NTR autocrine loop. BDNF causes a decrease in cell proliferation and apoptosis as judged by the CellTiter 96® Assay and the DeadEnd™ Colorimetric Apoptosis Detection System, respectively. The DeadEnd™ System was used in a unique way. Rather than staining the apoptotic nuclei with DAB via the streptavidin-HRP conjugate, a Cy®3-conjugated streptavidin was substituted. To compare the immunolocalization of the tyrosine hydroxylase protein and the p75NTR receptor, serial sections of mouse pineal glands were probed with an anti-tyrosine hydroxylase antibody and the Anti-Human p75 pAb. A lot of detail is provided for tissue processing prior to IHC. The Anti-Human p75 pAb was also used to detect p75 in mouse and rat pineal gland extracts via Western blotting. The name of the DeadEnd™ Colorimetric Apoptosis Detection System has been changed to DeadEnd™ Colorimetric TUNEL System.
(0000916) |
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Products: Anti-Human BDNF pAb | Anti-Human p75 pAb | CellTiter 96® Non-Radioactive Cell Proliferation Assay | Chicken IgY, Control Immunoglobulin | DeadEnd™ Colorimetric TUNEL System | rhBDNF |